State of the Ecosystem New England

class: right, middle, my-title, title-slide

# State of the Ecosystem New England
## New England Fishery Management Council 15 April 2021
### Sean Lucey Northeast Fisheries Science Center Many thanks to: Kimberly Bastille, Geret DePiper, Sarah Gaichas, Kimberly Hyde, Scott Large, and all SOE contributors

---

class: top, left

# State of the Ecosystem (SOE) reporting
## Improving ecosystem information and synthesis for fishery managers

.pull-left[

- Ecosystem indicators linked to management objectives <a name=cite-depiper_operationalizing_2017></a>([DePiper, et al., 2017](https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article/74/8/2076/3094701))
 + Contextual information
 + Report evolving since 2016
 + Fishery-relevant subset of full Ecosystem Status Reprorts

- Open science emphasis <a name=cite-bastille_improving_2020></a>([Bastille, et al., 2020](https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2021.1846155))

]

.pull-right[
*The IEA Loop1*
![IEA process from goal setting to assessment to strategy evaluation with feedbacks](EDAB_images/iea-loop.png)

.footnote[
[1] https://www.integratedecosystemassessment.noaa.gov/national/IEA-approach
]
]

---
## State of the Ecosystem: Updated structure
.pull-left[

## 2020 Report
1. Summary 2 pager
1. Human dimensions
1. Protected species
1. Fish and invertebrates (managed and otherwise)
1. Habitat quality and ecosystem productivity

## 2021 Report
1. Graphical summary
    + Page 1 report card re: objectives &rarr;
    + Page 2 risk summary bullets
    + Page 3 synthesis themes
1. Performance relative to management objectives
1. Risks to meeting management objectives

]

.pull-right[

<table class="table" style="font-size: 14px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
<caption style="font-size: initial !important;">Example ecosystem-scale fishery management objectives</caption>
 <thead>
 <tr>
 <th style="text-align:left;font-weight: bold;"> Objective Categories </th>
 <th style="text-align:left;font-weight: bold;"> Indicators reported here </th>
 </tr>
 </thead>
<tbody>
 <tr grouplength="6"><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Provisioning and Cultural Services</td></tr>
<tr>
 <td style="text-align:left; padding-left: 2em;" indentlevel="1"> Seafood Production </td>
 <td style="text-align:left;"> Landings; commercial total and by feeding guild; recreational harvest </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td style="text-align:left; padding-left: 2em;" indentlevel="1"> Profits </td>
 <td style="text-align:left;"> Revenue decomposed to price and volume </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td style="text-align:left; padding-left: 2em;" indentlevel="1"> Recreation </td>
 <td style="text-align:left;"> Days fished; recreational fleet diversity </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td style="text-align:left; padding-left: 2em;" indentlevel="1"> Stability </td>
 <td style="text-align:left;"> Diversity indices (fishery and ecosystem) </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td style="text-align:left; padding-left: 2em;" indentlevel="1"> Social &amp; Cultural </td>
 <td style="text-align:left;"> Community engagement/reliance status </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td style="text-align:left; padding-left: 2em;" indentlevel="1"> Protected Species </td>
 <td style="text-align:left;"> Bycatch; population (adult and juvenile) numbers, mortalities </td>
 </tr>
 <tr grouplength="4"><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;">Supporting and Regulating Services</td></tr>
<tr>
 <td style="text-align:left; padding-left: 2em;" indentlevel="1"> Biomass </td>
 <td style="text-align:left;"> Biomass or abundance by feeding guild from surveys </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td style="text-align:left; padding-left: 2em;" indentlevel="1"> Productivity </td>
 <td style="text-align:left;"> Condition and recruitment of managed species, Primary productivity </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td style="text-align:left; padding-left: 2em;" indentlevel="1"> Trophic structure </td>
 <td style="text-align:left;"> Relative biomass of feeding guilds, Zooplankton </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td style="text-align:left; padding-left: 2em;" indentlevel="1"> Habitat </td>
 <td style="text-align:left;"> Estuarine and offshore habitat conditions </td>
 </tr>
</tbody>
</table>
]

---
## Report card page 1 and 2

.pull-left[
.center[
![:img State of the Ecosystem page 1 summary table, 85%](EDAB_images/NEFMC-2021table_1.png)

]
]

.pull-right[
.center[
![:img State of the Ecosystem page 2 summary table, 85%](EDAB_images/NEFMC-2021table_2.png)

]
]

---
## Risk summary bullets page 3

.center[
![:img State of the Ecosystem page 1 summary table, 40%](EDAB_images/NEFMC-2021riskbullets.png)
]

---
## Graphical summary of ecosystem synthesis themes, page 4

Characterizing ecosystem change for fishery management

* Societal, biological, physical and chemical factors comprise the **multiple system drivers** that influence marine ecosystems through a variety of different pathways. 
* Changes in the multiple drivers can lead to **regime shifts** — large, abrupt and persistent changes in the structure and function of an ecosystem.  
* Regime shifts and changes in how the multiple system drivers interact can result in **ecosystem reorganization** as species and humans respond and adapt to the new environment.

.pull-left[

![:img](EDAB_images/SystemDrivers_v5.jpg)
]

.pull-right[
![:img](EDAB_images/RegimeShift_V5.jpg)
]

---
## Document Orientation

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Spatial scale
![:img NEFSC survey strata used to calculate Ecosystem Production Unit biomass, 80%](EDAB_images/EPU_Designations_Map.jpg)
A [glossary of terms](https://noaa-edab.github.io/tech-doc/glossary.html), detailed [technical methods documentation](https://NOAA-EDAB.github.io/tech-doc) and [indicator data](https://github.com/NOAA-EDAB/ecodata) are available online.  
]

.pull-right[
Key to figures
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-5-1.png" width="396" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

.contrib[
Trends assessed only for 30+ years: [more information](https://noaa-edab.github.io/tech-doc/trend-analysis.html)

Orange line = significant increase
Purple line = significant decrease
No color line = not significant or < 30 years
Grey background = last 10 years
]
]

---
## Revised structure to address Council requests and improve synthesis

.pull-left[
* Performance relative to management objectives
    - *What* does the indicator say--up, down, stable?
    - *Why* do we think it is changing: integrates synthesis themes
        - Multiple drivers
        - Regime shifts
        - Ecosystem reorganization
* Objectives
    - Seafood production
    - Profits
    - Recreational opportunities
    - Stability
    - Social and cultural
    - Protected species
]

.pull-right[
* Risks to meeting fishery management objectives
    - *What* does the indicator say--up, down, stable?
    - *Why* this is important to managers: integrates synthesis themes
        - Multiple drivers
        - Regime shifts
        - Ecosystem reorganization
* Risk categories
    - Climate: warming, ocean currents, acidification
        - Habitat changes (incl. vulnerability analysis)
        - Productivity changes (system and fish)
        - Species interaction changes
        - Community structure changes
    - Other ocean uses
        - Offshore wind development
]

---
# Performance relative to management objectives

.center[
![:img Fishing icon made by EDAB, 15%](EDAB_images/5_FISHING.png) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ![:img Fishing industry icon made by EDAB, 15%](EDAB_images/6_INDUSTRY.png) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ![:img Multiple drivers icon made by EDAB, 25%](EDAB_images/18.MULTIPLE_SYSTEM_DRIVERS.png) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ![:img Spiritual cultural icon made by EDAB, 15%](EDAB_images/22.SPIRITUAL_CULTURAL.png) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ![:img Protected species icon made by EDAB, 15%](EDAB_images/16.PROTECTEDSPECIES.png)
]

---
## Objective: Seafood production ![:img decreasing arrow icon, 2%](EDAB_images/decrease.png) ![:img below average icon icon, 2%](EDAB_images/below long term ave.png)

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Indicators: Commercial landings

<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-6-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
.contrib[
Key: Black = Landings of all species combined; Red = Landings of NEFMC managed species
]
]

.pull-right[
Recreational landings

<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-7-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

Multiple drivers: ecosystem and stock production, management, market conditions, and environment

---
## Landings drivers: Ecosystem and stock production?

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<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-8-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

.contrib[
Key: 
Orange background = Tipping point overfishing threshold, Link and Watson 2019 
Green background = Optimal range, Link and Watson 2019
]

]

.pull-right[
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-10-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

]

---
## Implications: Seafood Production
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Drivers:
* decline in commercial landings is most likely driven by the requirement
to rebuild individual stocks as well as market dynamics

* other drivers affecting recreational landings: shark fishery management, possibly survey methodology

Monitor: 
* climate risks including warming, ocean acidification, and shifting distributions  
* ecosystem composition and production changes  
* fishing engagement

]

.pull-right[
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-12-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-13-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---
## Objective: Commercial Profits ![:img mixed trends arrow icon, 2%](EDAB_images/Mixed trends.png)

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Indicator: Commercial Revenue 
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-14-1.png" width="540" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

.contrib[
Key: Black = Revenue of all species combined; Red = Revenue of NEFMC managed species
]
Both regions driven by single species
* GOM high revenue despite low volume
* Fluctuations in GB due to rotational management

Monitor changes in climate and landings drivers:
* Sea scallops and lobsters are sensitive to ocean warming and acidification

]

.pull-right[
Indicator: Bennet--price and volume indices
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-15-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-16-1.png" width="540" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]
 
---
## Objective: Recreational opportunities ![:img no trend icon, 2%](EDAB_images/no trend.png) ![:img near average icon icon, 1%](EDAB_images/near long term average.png)

.pull-left[
Indicators: Recreational effort and fleet diversity 
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-17-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-18-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

.pull-right[
Implications

* Absence of a long-term trend in recreational effort suggests relative stability in the overall number of recreational opportunities in New England

* Cumulative weather index and management complexity drivers under construction
]

---
## Objective: Stability ![:img decreasing arrow icon, 2%](EDAB_images/decrease.png) Com ![:img below average icon icon, 2%](EDAB_images/below long term ave.png); Rec ![:img near average icon icon, 2%](EDAB_images/near long term average.png)

.pull-left[
*Fishery*  Indicators: Commercial fleet count, fleet diversity

]

.pull-right[
*Fishery* Indicators: commerical species revenue diversity, recreational species catch diversity
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-20-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

]

---
## Objective: Stability ![:img mixed trend icon, 2%](EDAB_images/Mixed trends.png) ![:img above average icon icon, 2%](EDAB_images/above long term ave.png)

.pull-left[
*Ecological* Indicators: zooplankton and larval fish diversity
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-22-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

]

.pull-right[
*Ecological* Indicator: expected number of species, NEFSC bottom trawl survey
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-24-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

Implications:  
* commercial fishery diversity driven by small number of species
* diminished capacity to respond to future fishing opportunities
* recreational diversity due to species distributions and regulations
* adult diversity in GOM suggests increase in warm-water species

]

---
## Objective: Fishing community status 
Indicators: Social vulnerability, fishery engagement and reliance 
.pull-left[
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-25-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

New England recreational fishing communities
]

.pull-right[
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-26-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

New England commercial fishing communities
]

Implications: Highlighted communities may be vulnerable to changes in fishing patterns due to regulations and/or climate change. When any of these communities are also experiencing social vulnerability, they may have lower ability to successfully respond to change. These indicators may also point to communities that are vulnerable to environmental justice issues.

---
## Objectives: Protected species *Maintain bycatch below thresholds* ![:img mixed trend icon, 2%](EDAB_images/Mixed trends.png) ![:img meeting objectives icon, 2%](EDAB_images/checked.png)

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Indicators: Harbor porpoise and gray seal bycatch
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-27-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-28-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

.pull-right[
Implications:

* Currently meeting objectives

* The downward trend in harbor porpoise bycatch can also be due to a decrease in harbor porpoise abundance in US waters, reducing their overlap with fisheries, and a decrease in gillnet effort.

* The increasing trend in gray seal bycatch may be related to an increase in the gray seal population (U.S. pup counts).
]

---
## Objectives: Protected species *Recover endangered populations* ![:img decreasing arrow icon, 2%](EDAB_images/decrease.png) ![:img below average icon icon, 2%](EDAB_images/below long term ave.png)

.pull-left[
Indicators: North Atlantic right whale population, calf counts
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-29-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-30-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

.pull-right[
Implications:

* Population drivers for North Atlantic Right Whales (NARW) include combined fishery interactions/ship strikes, distribution shifts, and copepod availability.

* Unusual mortality events continue for 3 large whale species, harbor and gray seals.
]

---
# Risks to meeting fishery management objectives

.center[
![:img Climate icon made by EDAB, 25%](EDAB_images/3_CLIMATE.png) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ![:img Wind icon made by EDAB, 25%](EDAB_images/24.WIND.png)
]

.center[
![:img Hydrography icon made by EDAB, 15%](EDAB_images/1_HYDROGRAPHY.png) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ![:img Phytoplankon icon made by EDAB, 15%](EDAB_images/9_PHYTOPLANKTON.png) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ![:img Forage fish icon made by EDAB, 15%](EDAB_images/13_FORAGEFISH.png) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ![:img Apex predators icon made by EDAB, 15%](EDAB_images/17.APEXPREDATORS.png)  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ![:img Other human uses icon made by EDAB, 15%](EDAB_images/8_OTHERHUMANUSES.png) 
]

---

## Risks: Climate change
.pull-left[
Indicators: ocean currents
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-31-1.png" width="432" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-32-1.png" width="432" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

.pull-right[
Indicators: bottom temperatures
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-33-1.png" width="432" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

]

---
## Risks: Climate change
.pull-left[
Indicators: marine heatwaves
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-35-1.png" width="360" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-36-1.png" width="360" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

.pull-right[
 
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-37-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

]

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## Risks: Ecosystem productivity

Indicators: primary production

.pull-left[
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-39-1.png" width="576" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

.pull-right[
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-40-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-41-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---
## Risks: Ecosystem productivity

Indicators: zooplankton
.pull-left[
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-42-1.png" width="576" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-43-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

.pull-right[
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-44-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

Implications: increased production by smaller phytoplankton implies less efficient transfer of primary production to higher trophic levels. Monitor implications of increasing gelatinous zooplankton and krill.
]

---
## Risks: Ecosystem productivity

Indicators: plankton-based forage anomaly and forage fish energy content

.pull-left[
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-45-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]
.pull-right[
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-46-1.png" width="576" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

Implications: fluctuating environmental conditions and prey for forage species affect both abundance and energy content. Energy content varies by season, and has changed over time most dramatically for Atlantic herring

---
## Risks: Ecosystem productivity

Indicators: fish condition
.pull-left[
.center[
![:img Fish condition links conceptual model, 70%](EDAB_images/SOEconditionfactorlinks_keycolor_price.png)
]
Preliminary results:  
* Multiple, different condition drivers by species  
* Acadian redfish, butterfish and winter flounder more affected by fishing pressure and stock size  
* Weakfish, windowpane flounder, and American plaice more affected by local bottom temperatures and zooplankton   
]
.pull-right[
Georges Bank
![:img Fish condition figure from 2020 SOE](EDAB_images/GBcondition_2020_viridis_final.jpg)
Gulf of Maine
![:img Fish condition figure from 2020 SOE](EDAB_images/GOMcondition_2020_viridis_final.jpg)
]

---
## Risks: Ecosystem structure

Indicators: distribution shifts (slide 13), diversity (slide 17), predators
.pull-left[
<img src="20210415_NEFMC_Lucey_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-47-1.png" width="504" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

]

.pull-right[
*Gray seals increasing*
* Breeding season ~ 27,000 US gray seals, Canada's population ~ 425,000 (2016) 
* Canada's population increasing at ~ 4% per year
* U.S. pupping sites increased from 1 (1988) to 9 (2019)
* Harbor and gray seals are generalist predators that consume more than 30 different prey species: red, white and silver hake, sand lance, yellowtail flounder, four-spotted flounder, Gulf-stream flounder, haddock, herring, redfish, and squids.

Implications: stable predator populations suggest stable predation pressure on managed species, but increasing predator populations may reflect increasing predation pressure.
]

---
## Risks: Habitat climate vulnerability

Indicators: climate sensitive species life stages mapped to climate vulnerable habitats

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---
background-image: url("EDAB_images/SurveyMap202133.png")
background-size: 700px
background-position: right

## Risks: Offshore Wind Development
.pull-left[
Indicators: development timeline, revenue in lease areas, survey overlap ([full map](https://noaa-edab.github.io/ecodata/human_dimensions_MAB#Shelfwide_Indicators))

]

.pull-right[
]

---
## Risks: Offshore Wind Development
.pull-left[
Implications: 
* Current plans for rapid buildout of offshore wind in a patchwork of areas spreads the impacts differentially throughout the region

* 1-12% of total average revenue for major New England commerical species in lease areas could be displaced if all sites are developed. Displaced fishing effort can alter fishing methods, which can in turn change habitat, species (managed and protected), and fleet interactions.

* Right whales may be displaced, and altered local oceanography could affect distribution of their zooplankton prey.

* Scientific data collection surveys for ocean and ecosystem conditions, fish, and protected species will be altered, potentially increasing uncertainty for management decision making. 
]
.pull-right[
.center[
![:img Proposed wind areas in Southern New England](EDAB_images/NE2021119.jpg)
]
]

---
background-image: url("EDAB_images/noaa-iea.png")
background-size: 350px
background-position: right bottom

## Contributors - THANK YOU!

The New England and Mid-Atlantic SOEs made possible by (at least) 52 contributors from 10 institutions

.pull-left[
.contrib[
Andy Beet 
Kimberly Bastille 
Ruth Boettcher (Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries) 
Mandy Bromilow (NOAA Chesapeake Bay Office) 
Zhuomin Chen (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute) 
Joseph Caracappa 
Doug Christel (GARFO) 
Patricia Clay 
Lisa Colburn 
Jennifer Cudney (NMFS Atlantic HMS Management Division) 
Tobey Curtis (NMFS Atlantic HMS Management Division) 
Geret DePiper 
Emily Farr (NMFS Office of Habitat Conservation) 
Michael Fogarty 
Paula Fratantoni 
Kevin Friedland 
Sarah Gaichas 
Ben Galuardi (GARFO) 
Avijit Gangopadhyay (School for Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth) 
James Gartland (Virginia Institute of Marine Science) 
Glen Gawarkiewicz (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) 
Sean Hardison 
Kimberly Hyde 
John Kocik 
Steve Kress (National Audubon Society’s Seabird Restoration Program) 
Young-Oh Kwon (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute)

]
]

.pull-right[
.contrib[
Scott Large 
Andrew Lipsky 
Sean Lucey 
Don Lyons (National Audubon Society’s Seabird Restoration Program) 
Chris Melrose 
Shannon Meseck 
Ryan Morse 
Kimberly Murray 
Chris Orphanides 
Richard Pace 
Charles Perretti 
CJ Pellerin (NOAA Chesapeake Bay Office) 
Grace Roskar (NMFS Office of Habitat Conservation) 
Grace Saba (Rutgers) 
Vincent Saba 
Chris Schillaci (GARFO) 
Angela Silva 
Emily Slesinger (Rutgers University) 
Laurel Smith 
Talya tenBrink (GARFO) 
Bruce Vogt (NOAA Chesapeake Bay Office) 
Ron Vogel (UMD Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies and NOAA/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research) 
John Walden 
Harvey Walsh 
Changhua Weng 
Mark Wuenschel

]
]

---
## References

.contrib[
<a name=bib-bastille_improving_2020></a>[Bastille, K. et
al.](#cite-bastille_improving_2020) (2020). "Improving the IEA Approach
Using Principles of Open Data Science". In: _Coastal Management_ 0.0.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis \_ eprint:
https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2021.1846155, pp. 1-18. ISSN:
0892-0753. DOI:
[10.1080/08920753.2021.1846155](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F08920753.2021.1846155).
URL:
[https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2021.1846155](https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2021.1846155)
(visited on Dec. 09, 2020).

<a name=bib-depiper_operationalizing_2017></a>[DePiper, G. S. et
al.](#cite-depiper_operationalizing_2017) (2017). "Operationalizing
integrated ecosystem assessments within a multidisciplinary team:
lessons learned from a worked example". En. In: _ICES Journal of Marine
Science_ 74.8, pp. 2076-2086. ISSN: 1054-3139. DOI:
[10.1093/icesjms/fsx038](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Ficesjms%2Ffsx038).
URL:
[https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article/74/8/2076/3094701](https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article/74/8/2076/3094701)
(visited on Mar. 09, 2018).
]

## Additional resources
.pull-left[
* [ecodata R package](https://github.com/noaa-edab/ecodata)

* Visualizations:
  * [New England Human Dimensions indicators](http://noaa-edab.github.io/ecodata/human_dimensions_NE)
  * [New England Macrofauna indicators](http://noaa-edab.github.io/ecodata/macrofauna_NE)
  * [New England Lower trophic level indicators](https://noaa-edab.github.io/ecodata/LTL_NE)
]
.pull-right[
* [SOE Technical Documentation](https://noaa-edab.github.io/tech-doc)

* [Draft indicator catalog](https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/)

.contrib[

* Slides available at https://noaa-edab.github.io/presentations
* Contact: <Sean.Lucey@noaa.gov>
]
]

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background-image: url("EDAB_images/NEFMC-2021cover.png")
background-size: 600px
background-position: right

# Discussion

# Thank you!